Understanding the boundary layer transition and the influence of surface roughness in hypersonic flows is critical for advancing aerospace design and safety. At these extreme speeds, the interplay ...

The study of hypersonic boundary layer transition and instability encompasses the complex processes by which a thin, near-wall flow region shifts from a smooth, laminar state to a highly chaotic, ...

The boundary layer, a tiny layer on the surface of a body in a flowing fluid, such as an airplane wing in the air, is of paramount importance for the future of flight. Just over 100 years ago, Ludwig ...

A typical challenge for re-entry vehicles during flight is an effective control of hypersonic transition and the laminar/turbulent state of the boundary layer. The state of the boundary layer is of ...